Mesothelioma Not Caused by Asbestos People with an asbestos-related history are at risk of developing mesothelioma. Asbestos fibers that stick to the lung's lining (pleura) cause malignant mesothelioma of the pleural, while those that penetrate the stomach's lining or heart (peritoneal and mesothelioma of the pericardium) are less prevalent. Visit